Article ID: CBB589146351

On Hertz’s Principles of Mechanics (2013)

unapi

Towards the end of the nineteenth century, problems in the foundations of physics became especially acute. To overcome these problems, Hertz developed a philosophy of physics on which to base his mechanical theory. The essential point of this philosophy is as follows: a physical theory is an image created by us. Hertz’s image is based on a unique proposition, which is also the only one drawn from experiments. Starting from this principle, which is a law of inertia for systems, Hertz subsumes in his theory the equations of motion of non-free systems and the principles of d’Alembert, Gauß, Hamilton, and Jacobi. This is the “new connection” of the principles of mechanics, a topic highlighted in the complete title of Hertz’s book, but not discussed in the literature. Open questions in the literature, concerning space, mass, force, hidden masses and dynamical models are finally addressed. In the first section of the present paper, an overview of the reception of Hertz’s mechanics is given.

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Authors & Contributors
Lützen, Jesper
Joshua Eisenthal
Smith, Russell G.
Schemmel, Matthias
Preston, John
Pisano, Raffaele
Concepts
Mechanics
Physics
Motion (physical)
Philosophy of science
Forces
Philosophy
Time Periods
19th century
17th century
18th century
20th century, early
16th century
Renaissance
Places
Europe
United States
France
Great Britain
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