Article ID: CBB348584037

Questioning Mechanism: Fénelon’s Oblique Cartesianism (2017)

unapi

Cartesianism appeared inexorably to produce disparate theoretical tendencies inside itself, and Spinoza’s philosophy was one of the most outrageous and strangest result of those tendencies. This explains why so many Cartesians felt the urge to deal with the thought of the Dutch philosopher, from time to time labelled as ‘monism’, ‘pantheism’, or ‘atheism’. The case of Fénelon, the Quietist theologian, tutor of the Princes of France and brilliant Cartesian philosopher, highlights the difficulties of such an operation. The Archbishop of Cambrai devotes not only various letters to the criticism of Spinoza, but even a whole section of the Démonstration de l’existence de Dieu – his most ambitious work, from a theoretical point of view. For apparently no reason, the Réfutation du spinozisme was inserted in the middle of the second part of the Démonstration, the more specifically philosophical (and Cartesian) section. This paper aims to show how Fénelon actually wanted to criticize Descartes’ radical tendencies by attacking them where they were to be found inside Spinoza, without directly compromising Cartesianism – or, first and foremost, his own ‘apologetic’ Cartesianism.

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Authors & Contributors
Boccaccini, Federico
Christopher P. Noble
Rouquayrol, Louis
Guidi, Simone
Collacciani, Domenico
Marmodoro, Anna
Concepts
Philosophy
Cartesianism
Mechanism; mechanical philosophy
Natural philosophy
Epistemology
Scholasticism
Time Periods
17th century
18th century
Early modern
20th century
16th century
Places
Europe
France
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