Article ID: CBB801728986

A case study in evolutionary contingency (2016)

unapi

Biological evolution is a fundamentally historical phenomenon in which intertwined stochastic and deterministic processes shape lineages with long, continuous histories that exist in a changing world that has a history of its own. The degree to which these characteristics render evolution historically contingent, and evolutionary outcomes thereby unpredictably sensitive to history has been the subject of considerable debate in recent decades. Microbial evolution experiments have proven among the most fruitful means of empirically investigating the issue of historical contingency in evolution. One such experiment is the Escherichia coli Long-Term Evolution Experiment (LTEE), in which twelve populations founded from the same clone of E. coli have evolved in parallel under identical conditions. Aerobic growth on citrate (Cit+), a novel trait for E. coli, evolved in one of these populations after more than 30,000 generations. Experimental replays of this population's evolution from various points in its history showed that the Cit+ trait was historically contingent upon earlier mutations that potentiated the trait by rendering it mutationally accessible. Here I review this case of evolutionary contingency and discuss what it implies about the importance of historical contingency arising from the core processes of evolution.

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Authors & Contributors
Hesketh, Ian
Baron, Christian
Beatty, John H.
Bollinge, Laurel
Brandon, Robert N.
Clarke, Ellen
Journals
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Biology and Philosophy
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
Journal of the History of Biology
Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy
Science
Publishers
Columbia University Press
Duke University Press
Lexington Books
University of Pittsburgh Press
Concepts
Evolution
Microbiology
Contingency (philosophy)
Biology
History as a discipline; chronology; study of the past
Historical method
People
Woese, Carl R.
Britten, Roy J.
Davidson, Eric
Deleuze, Gilles
Foucault, Michel
Gadamer, Hans Georg
Time Periods
21st century
20th century, late
19th century
20th century
Places
Taiwan
China
Singapore
Hong Kong
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