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Article ID: CBB798261526

La comparsa della malattia mentale in età evolutiva tra freniatria e neuro-psichiatria: la dementia praecocissima di Sante De Sanctis (2017)

Lombardo, Giovanni Pietro (Author)
Morgese, Giorgia (Editor)

Physis: Rivista Internazionale di Storia della Scienza
Volume: 52
Pages: 221-246
Publication date: 2017
Language: Italian

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Dementia Neurosciences Psychiatry 20th century, early 19th century Italy De Sanctis, Sante

The aim of this work is to highlight Sante De Sanctis’ theoretical–clinical contribution to the field of neuropsychiatry, which led the philosophical–scientific knowledge of the era to recognize the existence of mental illness in childhood. His clinical epistemology is rooted in a philosophical anthropology based on the theories of proporzionalismo psicofisico and legge del ciclo. According to these models, the psychic and the physical, differentially framed in an adaptive procession, were considered two integrated processes of the unique unity. The category of dementia praecocissima, first proposed by De Sanctis in 1906, derived from this process. This nosographic category contrasted with the psychiatric conception of the era, according to which there is no madness in childhood, since madness was recognized as an error of adult reason. Consequently, De Sanctis was recognized as the pioneer of child neuropsychiatry in Italy.

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