João Brigola (Author)
Tinta da China
Volume: 2
Pages: 325-352
Publication date: 2021
Language: Portuguese
In the first half of the 18th century, the reign of D. João V was an attempt to keep pace with Europe in the museum, culture and science domains. In 1720, the monarch instituted the Royal Academy of Portuguese History. This initiative resulted in the collection of numerous marble archeological objects and several metals, found in accidental diggings in some parts of the country. From these objects, it was constituted what José Leite de Vasconcelos named as “the first national museum of archeology” at the Paço dos Duques de Bragança (Lisbon). It is also possible to document interest in collecting natural specimens, the permanence of the curiosity culture, and the collection of disordered wonder¬ful objects: the “naturalia” and the “mirabilia”. Some government initiatives also gained new strength in this context, according to the model of Catholic Enlightenment. During the period of the Marquis of Pombal— which is known in political theory as Enlightened Absolutism, it was created the Natural His¬tory Museum and Botanic Gardens of Ajuda in 1768 and the University of Coimbra in 1772. Direct observation of beings and objects and the experimentalism as an educational method imposed the construction of new museum structures, changing the very concept of museum.
...MoreBook Ana Simões; Marta Lourenço; José Alberto Silva (2021) Ciência, Technologia, e Medicina na Construção de Portugal. 2: Razão e Progresso (Séc. XVIII) (Science, Technology and Medicine in the Construction of Portugal: Reason and Progress. 18th Century, volume 2).
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