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Article ID: CBB770612333

From the Radio Shack to the Cosmos: Listening to Sputnik during the International Geophysical Year (1957–1958) (2023)

Isis: International Review Devoted to the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences
Volume: 114
Issue: 1
Pages: 123-149
Publication date: 2023
Language: English

URI: https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/723592

DOI: 10.1086/723592

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Amateur radio; ham radio Sensory history; sensory studies Radio Amateurs Radio astronomy Citizen science; community science Sputnik 20th century, late International Geophysical Year (IGY)

Whereas literature on satellites and outer space exploration has usually been dominated by vision, humankind’s initial encounter with the Earth’s first artificial satellite, Sputnik I, was overwhelmingly sonic. Tracking was originally enabled by the signal continuously transmitted by its radio beacon. Embedded in the International Geophysical Year (IGY) citizen science programs, radio amateurs played a crucial role in receiving the signal and assisting professional scientists in tracking the satellite in its initial phases. Their established existence as a distinctive worldwide community of skilled operators and experimenters made hams special allies to IGY scientists and, in many respects, set them apart from other groups of amateur scientists. This essay focuses on radio amateurs’ practices and spaces of listening to Sputnik within the wider framework of the IGY. In transcending national and terrestrial boundaries, Sputnik’s signal shaped new spatialities at a variety of scales: from the macroscales of the globe and outer space to the intimate microscale of the domestic radio shack. Focusing on radio amateurs’ personal experiences and on the invisible agencies of Sputnik’s signal, the essay uses sound as a way into the sociocultural, political, and scientific importance of the IGY. More broadly, it contributes to a multisensory history (and geography) of science.

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