Article ID: CBB498528298

Contested Ontologies of Software: The Story of Gottschalk v. Benson, 1963-1972 (2016)

unapi

In 1972, the US Supreme Court issued Gottschalk v. Benson, one of the most prominent decisions in the history of software patenting. It ruled that a computer program developed at Bell Laboratories by Gary Benson and Arthur Tabbot was ineligible for patent protection. This article argues that the journey of Benson and Tabbot's program through the patent system from 1963 to 1972 consists of a series of "ontological contests"–that is, clashes between attorneys and federal agents who proposed mutually incompatible conceptions of the nature of software, each one designed to serve as a philosophical underpinning for patent law. This argument invites a new historical approach to the study of the history of software patenting, one that reveals how the nature of computer programs as technologies and inventions was shaped by public administrators, judges, corporate attorneys, and trade associations.

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Authors & Contributors
Con Diaz, Gerardo
Beauchamp, Christopher
Biagioli, Mario
Gertner, Jon
Granek, Galina
Hindle, Richard L.
Journals
American Heritage of Invention and Technology
Technology and Culture
Annals of Science: The History of Science and Technology
Business and Economic History On-Line
History of Science
Icon: Journal of the International Committee for the History of Technology
Publishers
Yale University
Copernicus Books
Penguin
Yale University Press
Concepts
Patents
Inventors and invention
Intellectual property
Software
Technology
Technology and law
People
Baekland, Leo Hendrik
Bell, Alexander Graham
De Forest, Lee
Lincoln, Abraham
Wright brothers, Wilber and Orville
Curtiss, Glenn Hammond
Time Periods
19th century
20th century
20th century, late
21st century
20th century, early
Places
United States
Massachusetts (U.S.)
Germany
Americas
Ohio (U.S.)
Institutions
Bell Telephone Laboratories
American Patent Agency
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