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Article ID: CBB342276643

Météorologie et sciences de l’observatoire à l’Observatoire royal de Paris (1671-1719) (2023)

Schmit, Christophe (Author)
Éric Chassefière (Author)

Almagest
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Pages: 88-147
Publication date: 2023
Language: French

DOI: 10.1484/J.ALMAGEST.5.134612

URI: https://www.brepolsonline.net/doi/abs/10.1484/J.ALMAGEST.5.134612

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Cette étude s’appuie sur des journaux d’observations originaux et examine les raisons et la manière dont les observations météorologiques se mettent en place au sein d’un observatoire à l’époque moderne en examinant le cas de l’Observatoire de Paris dans ses premières décennies de fonctionnement. Il montre l’existence de causes multiples à l’origine de tels relevés, étudie les pratiques, recense les instruments, pose la question de l’appartenance de la météorologie aux sciences de l’observatoire à cette époque. Ces causes sont spécifiques à l’histoire même de l’institution, relèvent de demandes du pouvoir, s’inscrivent dans des recherches scientifiques de l’époque, physique et astronomique. L’observatoire apparaît en météorologie comme un lieu édictant normes et pratiques, au centre de réseaux d’observations, un bâtiment-instrument au même titre qu’il l’est pour l’astronomie. [English translation by DeepL.com: Title: Meteorology and observatory sciences at the Royal Observatory of Paris (1671-1719) Abstract: Based on original observation diaries, this study examines why and how meteorological observations were established at an observatory in the modern era, looking at the Paris Observatory in its first decades of operation. It demonstrates the existence of multiple causes for such observations, examines practices and instruments, and raises the question of whether meteorology belonged to the sciences of the observatory at the time. These causes are specific to the history of the institution itself, are the result of requests from those in power, and are part of the scientific research of the time, both physical and astronomical. In meteorology, the observatory appears as a place where standards and practices are laid down, at the center of observation networks, an instrument-building in the same way as it is for astronomy. Translated with DeepL.com (free version)]

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