Standortfaktoren der Eisen- und Stahlindustrie im Ruhrgebiet während der „Industriellen Revolution“ Der Hoerder Verein im Vergleich [Location-determining factors of the iron and steel industry in the Ruhr district during the Industrial Revolution The Hoerder Bergwerks- und Hütten-Verein in comparison] (2020)
Bleidick, Dietmar (Author)
Der Anschnitt. Zeitschrift für Montangeschichte
Volume: 72
Issue: 5
Pages: 197-213
Publication date: 2020
Language: German
The Hoerder Verein marks the origins of the mining industry in the Dortmund region. In the Ruhr district, the sector had previously been represented mainly by Hüttengewerkschaft und Handlung Jacobi, Haniel & Huyssen (subsequently Gutehoffnungshütte) in Oberhausen and by Krupp in Essen. Now the Hoerder Verein not only openened up the east of the region for the first time, but in 1852 (following reorganisation of the Hermannshütte, which had been active since 1841) it became the very first Hütten-Aktiengesellschaft (stock corporation) – and one of the largest organisations of its kind in Germany with equity of two million thaler. Conceived from the outset as a vertically structured mining group, the Hoerder Verein was the first to implement a modern business model that was soon imitated by others and became established as the sector standard in the decades that followed. Starting with its own coal and ore deposits, the company covered the entire value chain from the production of steel and iron ore to the processing of intermediate and finished products. By the 1860s, the biggest blast furnace plant in the Ruhr was responsible for around one sixth of the total output. Taking the Hoerder Verein as an example, this paper explores the location-specific factors for the mining industry from the onset of industrialisation to the Panic of 1873. At its heart is the significance of the classic elements of raw materials, transport, sales and labour and the influence of these considerations on decisions regarding where to locate, plant structure and the success of the company. Of particular interest are the effects of transition (for example, as driven by technical innovations). Companies with similar general conditions provide a comparative template, as do decisions on location taken by organisations such as the Bochumer Verein and the Gutehoffnungshütte.
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