Article ID: CBB247517118

The advent of epilepsy directed neurosurgery: The early pioneers and who was first (2023)

unapi

Efforts to treat epileptic seizures likely date back to primitive, manmade skull openings or trephinations at the site of previous scalp or skull injuries. The purpose may have been the release of “evil spirits,” removal of “cerebral excitement,” and “restoral of bodily and intellectual functions.” With progressive discoveries in brain function over the past 100 to 300 years, the cerebral cortical locations enabling voluntary movements, sensation, and speech have been well delineated. The locations of these functions have become surgical targets for the amelioration of disease processes. Disease entities in particular cerebral-cortical areas may predispose to the onset of focal and or generalized seizures, which secondarily interfere with normal cortical functioning. Modern neuroimaging and electroencephalography usually delineate the location of seizures and often the type of structural pathology. If noneloquent brain regions are involved, open surgical biopsy or removal of only abnormal tissue may be undertaken successfully. A number of the early neurosurgical pioneers in the development of epilepsy surgery are credited and discussed in this article.

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Authors & Contributors
Schlich, Thomas
Aminoff, Michael J.
Bertoloni Meli, Domenico
Cherici, Céline
Cook, Mark J.
Craddock, Paul T.
Journals
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Nuncius: Annali di Storia della Scienza
Interdisciplinary Science Reviews
Journal of Medical Biography
Journal of the History of Biology
Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
Publishers
Cambridge University Press
Manchester University Press
Pegasus Books
St. Martin's Press
Steiner
University of Rochester Press
Concepts
Surgery
Medicine
Vivisection
Neurosurgery; psychosurgery
Neurosciences
Epilepsy
People
Horsley, Victor, Sir
Ferrier, David
Cosmas, Saint
Damian, Saint
Galen
Graaf, Regnier de
Time Periods
19th century
Modern
Early modern
20th century
20th century, early
16th century
Places
Great Britain
Paris (France)
Belgium
Germany
Italy
London (England)
Institutions
British Medical Association
Montreal Neurological Institute
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