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Article ID: CBB229117772

L’inoculation de la petite vérole à Lyon: De la condamnation à l’acceptation (1779-1811) (2018)

Serge Boarini (Author)

Revue d'Histoire des Sciences
Volume: 71
Issue: 1
Pages: 25-48
Publication date: 2018
Language: French

DOI: 10.3917/rhs.711.0025

URI: https://www.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-des-sciences-2018-1-page-25.htm

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Public health Health risk assessment Vaccines; vaccination Prevention and control of disease Inoculation Smallpox 19th century 18th century Lyon (France)

La contribution porte sur la construction de la perception des risques ou des dangers en matière de santé à l’occasion d’un moment de crise, l’inoculation de la petite vérole. Pour cela, elle part de l’exemple de la condamnation en 1779 d’un négociant et du médecin qui a inoculé ses deux enfants, dans la ville de Lyon. Alors que l’inoculation est perçue comme un danger en 1779, elle va s’établir progressivement comme un procédé sûr si bien qu’au moment du triomphe de la vaccination, loin d’être jetée aux oubliettes de l’histoire de la santé, elle va au contraire être consacrée comme un procédé fiable et valide. Les péripéties de l’histoire du médecin Michel O’Ryan, de la condamnation à la reconnaissance, fournissent le fil directeur de la construction du risque sanitaire. La contribution dégagera les conditions requises pour qu’un risque sanitaire soit perçu comme tel. Elle esquissera enfin les principes d’une étude de l’écriture des risques sanitaires.

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