Article ID: CBB221447639

Challenges of Large-Scale Data Processing in the 1990s: The IPUMS Experience (2022)

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When it was launched in 1991, the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) project faced a challenging environment and limited resources. Few datasets were interoperable and much data collected at great public expense was inaccessible to most researchers. Documentation of datasets was nonstandardized, incomplete, and inadequate for automated processing. With insufficient attention to preservation, valuable scientific data were disappearing (see Bogue et al., 1976). IPUMS was established to address these critical issues. At the outset, IPUMS faced daunting barriers of inadequate data processing, storage, and network capacity. This anecdote describes the improvised computational infrastructure developed in the decade from 1989 to 1999 to process, manage, and disseminate the world's largest population datasets. We use a combination of archival sources, interviews, and our own memories to trace the development of the IPUMS computing environment during a period of explosive technical innovation. The development of IPUMS is part of a larger story of the development of social science infrastructure in the late 20th century and its contribution to democratizing data access.

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Article Emily Klancher Merchant; Myron P. Gutmann (2022) The IT of Demography. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing (pp. 6-15). unapi

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Authors & Contributors
Cortada, James W.
Misa, Thomas J.
Alberts, Gerard
Fevolden, Arne Martin
Frana, Philip L.
Halfon, Saul E.
Journals
IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
Archiv für Sozialgeschichte
Comparative Studies in Society and History
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine
Publishers
MIT Press
University of Minnesota Press
University of Minnesota
Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota
Oxford University Press
Routledge
Concepts
Computers and computing
Technological innovation
Social sciences
Demography; population research
Computer industry
Data processing
People
Jaques, Francis Lee
Keys, Ancel
Nier, Alfred O. C.
Weinberg, Alvin Martin
Time Periods
20th century, late
20th century
21st century
19th century
Places
Minnesota (U.S.)
United States
Soviet Union
Germany
Japan
Netherlands
Institutions
University of Minnesota
Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota
Mathematisch Centrum
Bell Museum of Natural History
Electrologica
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