Chapter ID: CBB023986145

A Century of Chemical Warfare: Building a World Free of Chemical Weapons (2017)

unapi

Walker, Paul F. (Author)


Springer International
Pages: 379-400
Publication date: 2017
Language: English


The first major use of chemical weapons in warfare was on April 22, 1915, when Germany attacked Allied forces along the Ypres Salient in Belgium in World War I. Since that historic attack a century ago, dozens of countries have researched, developed, tested, and deployed still more deadly chemical weapons. These inhumane and indiscriminate weapons of mass destruction were again used in 1924 by Spain against Morocco, by Italy against Libya and Ethiopia in the 1920s and 1930s, and by Japan against China in World War II (Robinson 1971). More recently they were deployed by Iraq against Iran and Iraq’s Kurdish population in the 1980s, and from 2012 to the present in the Syrian civil war. The 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) in 2016 includes 192 countries, 98% of the world’s population, with only four countries—Egypt, Israel, North Korea, and South Sudan—still missing. And of the 72,525 metric tons of chemical agents declared to date in eight possessor states, over 66,000 metric tons—92%—have been safely destroyed in the last 25 years. This is a historic achievement in global disarmament and peace-building and needs to continue until we rid the world of all chemical weapons, prevent their re-emergence, and promote peaceful uses of chemistry.

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Book Bretislav Friedrich; Dieter Hoffmann; Jürgen Renn; Florian Schmaltz; Martin Wolf (2017) One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences. unapi

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Authors & Contributors
Renn, Jürgen
Schmaltz, Florian
Freemantle, Michael
Friedrich, Bretislav
Girard, Marion
Hoffmann, Dieter
Journals
Endeavour: Review of the Progress of Science
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences
Icon: Journal of the International Committee for the History of Technology
科学史研究 Kagakusi Kenkyu (History of Science)
Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy
Notes and Records: The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science
Publishers
Springer International
Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
Boydell
History Press
Reaktion Books
Springer
Concepts
Chemical weapons
Chemical warfare
Science and war; science and the military
World War I
Military technology
Technology and war; technology and the military
People
Haber, Fritz
Time Periods
20th century
20th century, early
19th century
21st century
20th century, late
Places
Germany
Great Britain
United States
Ottoman Empire
Vietnam
Japan
Institutions
Kaiser-Wilhelm-Instituten
Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für physikalische Chemie und Electrochemie
United States Marine Corps
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