Article ID: CBB000831749

Producing, Controlling, and Stabilizing Pasteur's Anthrax Vaccine: Creating a New Industry and a Health Market (2008)

unapi

Cassier, Maurice (Author)


Science in Context
Volume: 21
Pages: 253--278
Publication date: 2008
Language: English


When Pasteur and Chamberland hastily set up their small biological industry to meet the agricultural demand for the anthrax vaccine, their methods for preparation and production had not yet been stabilized. The process of learning how to standardize biological products was accelerated in 1882 when vaccination accidents required the revision of production norms as the first hypotheses on fixity, inalterability, and transportability of vaccines were invalidated and replaced by procedures for continuous monitoring of the calibration of vaccines and the renewal of vaccine strains. Initially, the incompleteness and ongoing development of production standards justified Pasteur's monopoly on the production of the anthrax vaccine under his immediate supervision. Later on, the Pasteur Institute maintained control of these standards in the framework of a commercial monopoly that it established on the veterinary vaccines first sent and then cultivated abroad by the Société de Vulgarisation du Vaccin Charbonneux Pasteur, founded in 1886.

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Authors & Contributors
Gaudillière, Jean-Paul
Simon, Jonathan
Allen, Arthur
Anderson, Stuart
Balz, Viola
Bonah, Christian
Journals
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Science in Context
Dynamis: Acta Hispanica ad Medicinae Scientiarumque Historiam Illustrandam
Health and History
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
Medical History
Publishers
University of Chicago Press
W. W. Norton & Co.
Concepts
Pharmacy
Vaccines; vaccination
Pharmaceutical industry
Standards and standardization
Public health
Medicine
People
Pasteur, Louis
Jenner, Edward
Ehrlich, Paul
Koch, Robert
Time Periods
19th century
20th century
20th century, early
21st century
20th century, late
Places
France
Germany
Italy
Great Britain
Australia
Europe
Institutions
Institut Pasteur, Paris
Merck & Co.
Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946)
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