Article ID: CBB988933065

Relocating Pastorian Medicine: Accommodation and Acclimatization of Pastorian Practices against Smallpox at the Pasteur Institute of Chengdu, China, 1908–1927 (2017)

unapi

Revising the diffusionist view of current scholarship on the Pasteur Institutes in China, this paper demonstrates the ways in which local networks and circumstances informed the circulation and construction of knowledge and practices relating to smallpox prophylaxis in the Southwest of China during the early twentieth century. I argue that the Pasteur Institute of Chengdu did not operate in a natural continuity with the preceding local French medical institutions, but rather presented an intentional break from them. This Institute, as the first established by the French in China, strove for political and administrative independence both from the Chinese authority and from the Catholic Church. Yet, its operation realized political independence only partially. The founding of this Institute was also an attempt to satisfy the medical demand for local vaccine production. However, even though the Institute succeeded at producing the Jennerian vaccine locally, its production needed to accommodate local conditions pertaining to the climate, vaccine strains, and animals. Furthermore, vaccination had to conform to Chinese variolation, including its social and medical practices, in order to achieve the collaboration of local Chinese traditional practitioners with French colonial physicians, who were Pastorian-trained and worked at the Pasteur Institute of Chengdu. Thus the nature of the Pastorian work in Chengdu was not an imposition of foreign standards and practices, but rather a mutual compromise and collaboration between the French and the Chinese.

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Authors & Contributors
Palmer, Steven Paul
Hochman, Gilberto
Junaidi
Lee, Hyon Ju
Jeongeun Jo
Phillips, Sean P.
Concepts
Vaccines; vaccination
Smallpox
Public health
Cross-cultural interaction; cultural influence
Medicine
Disease and diseases
Time Periods
20th century, early
19th century
18th century
17th century
20th century
Qing dynasty (China, 1644-1912)
Places
France
China
England
Japan
Korea
India
Institutions
World Health Organization (WHO)
East India Company (English)
Catholic University of Ireland (Dublin)
Royal Belfast Academical Institution
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