Faire chambre à part: Patients indigents et payants dans les hôpitaux généraux de Montréal en 1911 (2021)
Petitclerc, Martin (Author)
Rousseau, Yvan (Author)
Guérard, François (Author)
Canadian Historical Review
Volume: 102
Issue: 4
Pages: 570-599
This article proposes a re-evaluation of the transition of charity hospitals for the poor to commercial hospitals for paying patients based on the analysis of sociodemographic characteristics of patients from three general hospitals in Montreal in 1911. In analyzing this transition, historiography has emphasized the respective roles of doctors, the Church, and the State, as well as the growing recourse to the commercialization of hospital services in order to increase the institutions' revenues. However, it has focused less on the social demand for free hospital care and its impact on the transformation of hospitals. To shed light on this aspect, we have compiled the information of some 10,000 patients from the admission records of Montreal's Hôtel-Dieu, Notre-Dame, and [End Page 570] Royal Victoria hospitals in 1911. This previously unpublished data records the sociodemographic composition of patients according to their place of residence, ethnicity, age, gender, occupation, and, finally, whether or not they paid for their hospitalization. The data thus help us identify a transitional time for Montreal hospitals during which indigent and paying patients had separate rooms in the establishments. It sheds new light on the paradoxical situation of hospital administrations which, to strengthen their commitment to the commercialization of services, had to demand public subsidies to alleviate the burden of the costs associated with the growing need for free care.
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