Article ID: CBB979398368

Robert McCormick's geological collections from Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, 1839–1843 (2020)

unapi

Robert McCormick (1800–1890) took part in three mid-nineteenth-century British Polar expeditions, two to the Arctic and one to the Antarctic. The latter, from 1839 to 1843 and led by James Clark Ross, is the best known. McCormick served as senior surgeon on HMS Erebus and was responsible for the collection of zoological and geological specimens. Despite the novelty and potential scientific importance of these early geological collections from Antarctica and remote islands in the Southern Ocean, they received surprisingly little attention at the time. Ross deposited an official collection with the British Museum in 1844, soon after the expedition's return, and this was supplemented by McCormick's personal collection, bequeathed in 1890. McCormick had contributed brief and idiosyncratic geological notes to the expedition report published by Ross in 1847, but it was not until 1899 that an informed description of the Antarctic rocks was published, and only in 1921 were McCormick's palaeobotanical specimens from Kerguelen examined. His material from other Southern Ocean islands received even less attention; had it been utilized at the time it would have supplemented the better-known collections made by the likes of Charles Darwin. In later life, McCormick became increasingly embittered over the lack of recognition afforded to him for his work in the Polar regions. Despite that contemporary neglect, his collections from the Ross Antarctic expedition provide unique insight into the geological work of nineteenth-century British naval surgeons.

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Authors & Contributors
Matthew Fishburn
Oxford University Museum of Natural History
Wright, Claire
Robert Rutkowski
Dominika Mierzwa-Szymkowiak
Vane-Wright, Richard I.
Journals
Archives of Natural History
Journal of the History of Biology
Studia Historiae Scientiarum
Endeavour: Review of the Progress of Science
Publishers
University of California Press
Tectum Verlag
Reaktion Books
Princeton University Press
Oxford University Press
Blast Books
Concepts
Natural history
Collectors and collecting
Biological specimens
Specimens
Scientific expeditions
Museums
People
Ross, James Clark
McCormick, Robert M.
Roe, John Septimus
Martin, Philipp Leopold
Godlewski, Wiktor
Macleay, William John
Time Periods
19th century
20th century
18th century
20th century, early
21st century
17th century
Places
Antarctica
France
Great Britain
United States
Polar regions
Australia
Institutions
Oxford University Museum of Natural History
East India Company (English)
Natural History Museum (London, England)
Smithsonian Institution
Hudson's Bay Company
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
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