Article ID: CBB973736489

Edward Gresham, Copernican Cosmology, and Planetary Occultations in Pre-Telescopic Astronomy (2018)

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This article introduces an understudied source in the history of astronomy, the Astrostereon or the Discourse of the Falling of the Planet (1603). Written by the English astrologer Edward Gresham, this text presents, among other things, the earliest known set of predicted planetary occultations (for 1603–1604) and the use of these phenomena to defend the Copernican cosmology. We analyse those predictions and then briefly survey all known pre-telescopic observations of reported planetary occulations and the motivations for such observations. These data suggest that for early observers, the greater the difference in apparent brightness between the two occulting bodies, the greater the angular separation could be for an occultation nonetheless to be reported. An appendix seeks to explain this finding by considering several factors known from modern experimental analyses of human visual performance.

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Authors & Contributors
Mehl, Édouard
Graney, Christopher M.
Granada, Miguel A.
Bienias, Barbara
Margolin, Arianne
Miele, Michele
Journals
Journal for the History of Astronomy
Galilæana: Journal of Galilean Studies
Bruniana & Campanelliana: Ricerche Filosofiche e Materiali Storico-testuali
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Physics in Perspective
Publishers
Les Belles Lettres
Pavia University Press
York University (Canada)
University of Colorado at Boulder
University of Notre Dame Press
Springer
Concepts
Astronomy
Copernicanism
Cosmology
Science and religion
Heliocentrism
Science and literature
People
Galilei, Galileo
Kepler, Johannes
Copernicus, Nicolaus
Gresham, Edward
Lyly, John,
Melanchthon, Philipp
Time Periods
17th century
16th century
Early modern
Renaissance
18th century
15th century
Places
Italy
England
Europe
Institutions
Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
Royal Society of London
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