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Article ID: CBB939618691

The ways and means of ITER: Reciprocity and compromise in fusion science diplomacy (2021)

Åberg, Anna (Author)

History and Technology
Volume: 37
Issue: 1
Pages: 106-124

URI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07341512.2021.1891851

DOI: 10.1080/07341512.2021.1891851

Publication Date: 2021
Edition Details: Special Issue: Nuclear Diplomacies
Language: English

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Tokamak Devices International cooperation Big science Nuclear fusion Foreign relations; diplomacy International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) International cooperation Science 21st century 20th century

ITER (short for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, and the Latin word for ‘the way’, as in ‘the way to new energy’), a controlled thermonuclear fusion experiment currently being built in Cadarache, France, is one of the world’s largest technoscientific collaborations. ITER’s complex organisation is rooted in decisions taken during the early negotiation phase in the 1990s. This article focuses on this initial period of the ITER negotiations, showing the importance of reciprocity and compromise in the organizational decisions of the project. These decisions were enacted by actors and organisations who strived to keep ITER together through continuous ‘backstage’ diplomacy work. This work included finding acceptable compromises for the involved Parties on both a diplomatic and scientific level. Looking closely at such work reveals the entangled character of science and diplomacy in large international technoscientific collaborations, as well as the need for compromise to make a project like ITER materialise.

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Article Kenji Ito; Maria Rentetzi (2021) The co-production of nuclear science and diplomacy: Towards a transnational understanding of nuclear things. History and Technology (pp. 4-20). unapi

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