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Article ID: CBB935770441

Jalons pour une sociohistoire des ingénieurs coloniaux au Maghreb; (Milestones for a Sociohistory of Colonial Engineers in the Maghreb) (2016)

Quaderns d'Història de l'Enginyeria
Volume: 15
Pages: 257-270

ISSN: 1135-934X

Publication Date: 2016
Edition Details: Special Issue: Ingénieurs, professions techniques et sociétés.(XVIIIe – XXe siècles). Hommage à André Grelon
Language: French

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Colonialism Engineers Modernization 19th century France North Africa

The emergence of the image of “modern” engineer in North Africa is linked to the modernizing ambition of states confronted with European powers’ expansionist policies and accompanying colonial activities. Consulting, or “reform”, engineers first appeared in North Africa in the first half of the nineteenth century at the invitation of the Bey of Tunis. The Moroccans soon followed suit. Expert missions consisted in designing and implementing administrative and technical reforms which would allow them to compete with the triumphant Europe. The French, whose conquest of Algeria began in 1830, were undeterred and the Tunisian and Moroccan modernization efforts proved insufficient in preventing the establishment of French colonial interests in the two countries. The loss of sovereignty in the Maghreb led to replacement of the “reform engineer” by the “colonial engineer”. Colonization, in fact, slowed the development of the profession, as the industrialization of the conquered countries was never the aim of the colonial powers. It should also be noted that the Corps of Colonial Engineers consisted mainly of agronomists and civil engineers engaged in public works, both mainly of French origin, while local technical elites were generally excluded from scientific and technical missions.

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Article Irina Gouzévitch; Ana Cardoso de Matos; Maria Paula Diogo; Claudine Fontanon; Dmitri Gouzévitch; Darina Martykánová; Antoni Roca-Rosell (2016) Introduction. L’ingénieur dans tous ses états: l’essor d’un champ de recherche pluridisciplinaire et transnational. Quaderns d'Història de l'Enginyeria (pp. 1-28). unapi

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