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Article ID: CBB902501575

A Locus for Transnational Exchanges: European Mathematical Journals for Students and Teachers, 1860s–1914 (2018)

Ehrhardt, Caroline (Author)

Historia Mathematica
Volume: 45
Issue: 4
Pages: 376-394

URI: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0315086018300910

DOI: 10.1016/j.hm.2018.10.004

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Teaching; pedagogy Mathematics education Periodicals; serials Mathematics 20th century, early 19th century Europe

While there were a few mathematical journals aimed at teachers and students as early as the 1840s, it was only in the late 19th century that they became more numerous in Europe. This article is based on the analysis of a corpus of European mathematical journals published between the 1860s and World War I, selected in the first place because they were aimed at high school teachers and high school or/and first two years university students, which are often referred to as “intermediate journals”. All these journals had focused on the teaching of mathematics and, as such, they were shaped by the educational context of the country in which they were published. However, leafing through theses journals, one is struck by the fact that the mathematics they published was in fact highly commensurable, and can see that they were the locus of transnational exchanges on mathematical knowledge. This article shows that several aspects of “internationalisation” were in fact at stake in mathematical journals for students: making knowledge from elsewhere available and of publicizing to the whole world the mathematics produced in one country; making people from different countries collaborate. Finally, it focuses on the effects of transnational exchanges between journals for teachers and students: what was the mathematical knowledge that was circulated through them, and in what respect was it different from that published in other mathematical journals? Résumé Après 1870, les journaux de mathématiques destinés à un public étudiant et enseignants se multiplient. Cet article se fonde sur l'étude d'un corpus de journaux mathématiques publiés en Europe entre les années 1860 et 1914. Ces journaux, souvent qualifiés d'« intermédiaires », ont ici été choisi en raison du public visé — des enseignants et élèves de lycées et des étudiants des deux premières années d'université. Etant liés à l'enseignement, ils sont façonnés par le contexte éducatif de leur pays de publication. De ce point de vue, ils apparaissent comme conçus à une échelle locale, et destinés à un usage tout aussi local. Pourtant, on est frappé en les feuilletant par le fait que les mathématiques qu'ils publient s'avèrent en fait tout à fait commensurable. De fait, ces journaux sont aussi des vecteurs de la circulation internationale des mathématiques. Cet article montre que différents modalités d'« internationalisation » interviennent dans les journaux pour étudiants et enseignants, qu'il s'agisse de rendre disponible des connaissances produites ailleurs, ou à l'inverse de faire connaître celles qui sont élaborées dans un pays donné. L'article aborde pour finir les effets des échanges transnationaux au sein de ces journaux : quelles étaient les connaissances mathématiques qui circulaient, et dans quelle mesure ces dernières différaient elles de ce qui était publié dans d'autres types de périodiques ?

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Article Jeanne Peiffer; Hélène Gispert; Philippe Nabonnand (2018) Interplay Between Mathematical Journals on Various Scales 1850–1950. Historia Mathematica (pp. 323-333). unapi

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