Article ID: CBB895328597

Gegenexpert: Umwelt, Aktivismus und die regionalen Epistemologien des Widerstandes [Counter-Experts: Environment, Activism and the Regional Epistemologies of Social Movements] (December 2022)

unapi

Güttler, Nils (Author)


NTM: Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Technik und Medizin
Volume: 30
Issue: 4
Pages: 541-567


Publication Date: December 2022
Edition Details: Special section: Gegenwissen: Wissensformen an der Schnittstelle von Universität und Gesellschaft. [Counterknowledge: Forms of Knowledge at the Interface of University and Society]
Language: German

Mit der Nachfrage nach „Gegenwissen“ in den sozialen Bewegungen der 1970er und 1980er Jahre wurden „Gegenexpert“ zu einem integralen Bestandteil der Umwelt- und Gesundheitspolitik. Im Umweltbereich waren sie besonders in den ökologisch stark belasteten Industrieregionen und Ballungsgebieten aktiv. Das regionalistische Problembewusstsein der Gegenexpert*innen korrelierte, so die These des Aufsatzes, mit einem Modus von Wissenschaft, der für die Umweltwissenschaften im 20. Jahrhundert insgesamt typisch war. Die Geschichte der Umweltwissenschaften war über das gesamte 20. Jahrhundert hinweg eine Geschichte regionaler Epistemologien. Die Gegenexpert*innen waren aus dem nahräumig formatierten und infrastrukturnahen Feld des Umweltwissens bald nicht mehr wegzudenken. Der Aufsatz rekonstruiert, ausgehend von jeweils einer Publikation, drei umweltpolitische Projekte von Gegenexpert*innen im Rhein-Main-Gebiet um 1980: das Engagement des Umweltpfarrers Kurt Oeser; der epistemische Aktivismus der Gründungsgrünen Jutta Ditfurth; sowie das Programm einer „sozialen Naturwissenschaft“ im Umfeld des Darmstädter Wissenschaftsphilosophen Gernot Böhme. (With the demand for “counter-knowledge” in the social movements of the 1970s and 1980s, “counter-experts” became an integral part of politics. In the field of environmental activism, counter-experts were particularly well represented in regions and agglomerations with high levels of industrial pollution. This essay argues that awareness correlated with a mode of knowledge production that was typical for the environmental sciences in the twentieth century. The history of the environmental sciences throughout that period was shaped by regional epistemologies, often emerging in the context of large-scale infrastructural projects. Many counter-experts therefore had strong ties with the field of the environmental sciences. The article traces three influential counter-experts in the Frankfurt Main region by 1980: the pastor Kurt Oeser; scientific green activist Jutta Ditfurth; and the project of a “social natural science” related to the Darmstadt philosopher Gernot Böhme.)

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Associated with

Article Schwerin, Alexander von (December 2022) Gegenwissen. Die Neuen Sozialen Bewegungen in der Bundesrepublik und die Grundlagen ihrer Wirkung [Counterknowledge. The New Social Movements in the Federal Republic and the Foundations of Their Impact]. NTM: Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Technik und Medizin. unapi

Citation URI
https://data.isiscb.org/isis/citation/CBB895328597/

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Authors & Contributors
Uekoetter, Frank
Turchetti, Simone
Alessandra Landi
Giovanni Carrosio
Lehmann, Philipp Nicolas
Zeller, Thomas
Journals
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Journal for the Study of Radicalism
Historical Records of Australian Science
Environmental History
Endeavour: Review of the Progress of Science
Publishers
Waxmann
The University of Chicago Press
University of California, San Diego
University of Pittsburgh Press
University of North Carolina Press
University of Georgia Press
Concepts
Environmental sciences
Science and politics
Environmental history
Environmentalism
Environmental protection
Cold War
People
Carson, Rachel Louise
Time Periods
20th century
19th century
21st century
18th century
Places
Germany
United States
Japan
Australia
Maryland (U.S.)
Institutions
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
United Nations
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