Tanga, Mario (Author)
Gelati, Giacomo (Author)
Atti e Memorie, Rivista di Storia della Farmacia
Volume: 33
Issue: 3
Pages: 194-205
After 70 years of activity, in 1761 the Accademia dei Fisiocritici published the first Tome of its Transactions. It was monographic, and reported about 50 cases of inoculation to prevent pox, under the title “Storia generale degl’innesti del vajuolo fatti in Siena, dall’Anno 1758, fino a tutto il 1760.” This text tells the progress of these cases as a diary, expressing a clear position about the need of extending this practice and formulating interpretative/explicative theories of what had been observed, including the autopsy of the unique patient who died and the “analysis” of urine, according to “proto-chemical” methods, even if with systematic purpose and using a control sample coming from a healthful and not inoculated subject. The Siena experience was among the first ones in Italy that were actuated by physicians and with an accurate documentation. Even if we can find traces of ancient diagnostic and therapeutic conceptions (meteorological or humoralistic theory, pathognomics, etc.), this work is an epochal turning point in the history of pharmacology. Even if it was not fully unexpected, this campaign of inoculations had an extraordinary importance in the history of pharmacology. However, it implied risks, and its mechanisms were not fully clear.
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