Le Formulaire des hôpitaux militaires de Coste, publié à Newport, pour l’Armée de Rochambeau, en 1780 (2020)
The Coste’s formulary for military hospitals, published in Newport, for the Rochambeau’s army in 1780 – In 1780, Louis XVI, king of France, ordered an expedition in the New World under the command of General Rochambeau. This army of more than 5 000 men, which arrived in Newport on July 11 of the same year, was supposed to support Washington and his Continental Army. Within this military force, a staff of more than 50 surgeons, pharmacists and physicians, as well as several students of surgery and pharmacy, and infirmary attendants, was dedicated to the sanitary needs of the Army. The chief physician of this French medical corps was Jean-François Coste who was sensitive to the health hazards of the troops during the voyage on boat but also when staying on the American ground. He took care particularly of numerous soldiers who developed scurvy on the trip. For the use of the hospitals in his charge, Coste wrote a formulary dealing with a total of 88 medicines for which he gave specific directions in compounding, for most of them. For some others, he referred to the Pharmacopeia parisiensis. The formulary was published in July 25, 1780, shortly after his arrival in Newport. He wanted to be as simple as possible for the content of medicines and takin into account local needs. The subject of this publication is to describe the content of this formulary but mainly to understand the sources of it as well as its influence on other military formularies in France, particularly the one from Parmentier in 1803 and on other publications of the 19th century.
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