Article ID: CBB846110489

The Pre-Anschluss Vienna School of Medicine – the Physicians: Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1857–1940) and Karel Wenckebach (1864–1940) (2016)

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Three physicians are discussed. Sigmund Freud, probably the best-known member of the Vienna School of Medicine, was the path-breaking pioneer in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. Julius Wagner-Jauregg was a psychiatrist who discovered the link between iodine deficiency and goitre and also developed malaria therapy to treat progressive paralysis caused by syphilis for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize. Karel Wenckebach, the pioneering Dutch cardiologist, is best known for the Wenckebach block. After the Anschluss, fate dealt very different hands to these three physicians. Freud fled to London where he soon died. Wagner-Jauregg, who had some pan-Germanic sympathies as well as views on eugenics, left a controversial legacy. The Dutch cardiologist Wenckebach died in Vienna shortly after his homeland had been invaded in 1940 by that of his hosts.

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Authors & Contributors
Lily B. Z. L. Shaw
Robert A. Shaw
Mattes, Johannes
Raith, Erich
García-Alandete, Joaquín
Kathrin Raminger
Journals
Journal of Medical Biography
Earth Sciences History: Journal of the History of the Earth Sciences Society
The Journal of Transport History
Physics in Perspective
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
History of Psychiatry
Publishers
Böhlau Wien
Stanford University Press
Praeger
New Directions
McGill-Queen's University Press
Kluwer Academic
Concepts
Psychiatry
Medicine
Psychoanalysis
Scientific collaboration
Psychiatric hospitals
Science and society
People
Freud, Sigmund
Wagner-Jauregg, Julius von
Allers, Rudolf
Bernays, Minna
Bárány, Robert
Semmelweis, Ignaz Philipp
Time Periods
20th century
19th century
20th century, early
18th century
17th century
Places
Austria
Vienna (Austria)
Switzerland
Germany
Yugoslavia
Estonia
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