Article ID: CBB840401446

The earth vibrates with analogies: The Dirac sea and the geology of the vacuum (2022)

unapi

The debate around analogy in modern physics that focuses on its role as a logical inference often correspondingly overlooks its historical dimension and the other equally important functions and aspects that are intertwined with this dimension. Inspired by a close investigation of the primary sources and archival material of a few historical actors, this paper lays out a framework on analogy-making which preserves as much as possible its historical complexity. While not losing sight of the logical role, our framework puts a special emphasis on the heuristic process, and aims at offering to the historian and philosopher of science as well as the physicist some tools to capture the subtle functions of analogical reasoning involved in such a process. After having traced it out theoretically, we make use of this framework to interpret the growth of the ideas of two remarkable physicists dealing with the multifaceted notion of vacuum in 20th century physics. We first consider the trajectory followed by John A. Wheeler, between the 1960s and 1970s, towards (in his own words) a “geology of the vacuum”; and then examine, starting from the hitherto neglected Japanese reception of the idea of Dirac sea in the early 1930s, the pathway that led Yoichiro Nambu to the discovery of spontaneous symmetry breaking.

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Authors & Contributors
Juliana Genevieve Souza André
Barrow, John D.
Blumenberg, Hans
Cardona Suárez, Carlos Alberto
Cat, Jordi
Christensen, Terry M.
Journals
Circumscribere: International Journal for the History of Science
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Archive for History of Exact Sciences
British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
Configurations: A Journal of Literature, Science, and Technology
Monist: An International Quarterly Journal of General Philosophical Inquiry
Publishers
Basic Books
Bloomsbury Academic
Cornell University Press
Guaraldi
Pantheon Books
Westview Press
Concepts
Philosophy of science
Physics
Metaphors; analogies
Vacuum; emptiness; nothingness
Rhetoric in scientific discourse
History of science, as a discipline
People
Bohm, David Joseph
Descartes, René
Maxwell, James Clerk
Wheeler, John Archibald
Bacon, Francis, 1st Baron Verulam
Feynman, Richard Phillips
Time Periods
20th century
17th century
19th century
20th century, early
16th century
21st century
Places
Great Britain
United States
Brazil
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