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Article ID: CBB825795650

Turning Journals into Encyclopaedias: Medical Editorship and Reprinting in the Low Countries (1815–1860) (2020)

Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Mathematics, Science, and Technology
Volume: 62
Issue: 1
Pages: 82-97

URI: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1600-0498.12270

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1600-0498.12270

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Guides; handbooks Periodicals; serials Transmission of ideas Publishers and publishing Medicine Encyclopedias and dictionaries 19th century Netherlands Luxembourg Belgium

This paper scrutinizes the attempts of 19th-century Belgian and Dutch physician-editors to convey foreign knowledge in new ways. By analysing their editorial practices and strategies—including the duplication (reprinting in full), reduction, modification, and translation of texts—it shows that the introduction of periodical publishing in medicine involved experimentation not only with the style of professional debate, but also with the format of medical knowledge. My analysis of reprinting reveals how editors, in cooperation with publishers, succeeded in broadening the readership of scientific medical texts by including private practitioners. The model for these publishing experiments was not so much the (polemical) newspaper, as was the case in the natural sciences, but rather the encyclopaedia and the handbook. If science was to interest practicing doctors, medical journals had to present scientific texts in a useful and easily consultable form. The core idea of the “reprint journal” was to continuously assemble and render insightful a growing body of international knowledge. This exercise, however, was fraught with tensions: reprint journals were reproached for not having a sufficiently international selection of articles, but at the same time for not being sufficiently “national.” As the framework of the nation-state gained strength around 1850 and an awareness of authors' rights took a stronger hold, reprinting in medical journals lost its popularity.

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