Article ID: CBB792652142

A Cautionary Tale of Environmental Management: Malaria, Water Management, and Land Reclamation in Twentieth-Century Guatemala (July 2021)

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In the late 1920s, Guatemala embarked on environmental drainage projects aimed at eradicating mosquito breeding grounds. Designed to improve people’s lives, these efforts sometimes inadvertently undermined them, draining away water crucial to public hygiene campaigns. Although the goals of controlling malaria and expanding arable land were often in lockstep, the Guatemalan case of Lake Quinizilapa requires a more nuanced analysis. Bringing the historiographies of the environment and public health and medicine to bear on environmental management projects, this article demonstrates that environmental management and scientific medicine were as much about leveraging disease as eradicating it. Whereas Hispanic authorities could maintain theories disproven by entomology and parasitology without much criticism, indígenas (indigenous people) who articulated notions that contradicted science and challenged engineering’s supremacy were disparaged as ignorant inditos (little Indians). Intriguingly, the indigenous conception of the natural world more accurately predicted the outcome of the lake’s drainage prior to World War II. Political power and ethnicity determined the legitimacy of perspectives about the environment and disease.

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https://data.isiscb.org/isis/citation/CBB792652142/

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Authors & Contributors
Webb, James L. A., Jr.
de la Torre, Oscar
Bonan, Giacomo
Bickers, Margaret A.
Carlo Castiillo Rodriguez
Marín-Murcia, José Pedro
Concepts
Public health
Malaria
Disease and diseases
Colonialism
Indigenous peoples; indigeneity
Environment
Time Periods
20th century
19th century
21st century
18th century
Places
United States
Republic of Liberia
Guatemala
Korea
Brazil
South Asia
Institutions
World Health Organization (WHO)
Tennessee Valley Authority
Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore, Md.)
Johns Hopkins Hospital
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