Chapter ID: CBB790460434

The 1874 and 1882 Transits of Venus: An Overview (2016)

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Because of its fortuitous location, New Zealand hosted overseas expeditions, various local government-funded observing teams and a plethora of dedicated amateur astronomers intent on observing the 1874 and 1882 transits of Venus. Even though inclement weather foiled some observers in 1874 and in 1882 the ingress phase occurred before local sunrise, New Zealand was able to play an important role in the quest to determine one of astronomy’s fundamental yardsticks, the mean distance from the Earth to the Sun (now known as the ‘Astronomical Unit’, or AU).

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Authors & Contributors
Orchiston, Wayne
Orchiston, Wayne
Vetter, Jeremy
Kapoor, R. C.
Drummond, John
John C. Barentine
Journals
Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage
Science in Context
Journal for the History of Astronomy
Physics in Perspective
Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand
Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Mathematics, Science, and Technology
Publishers
Springer Nature
Springer
Concepts
Observation
Venus
Astronomy
Eclipses; transits; occultations; conjunctions
Amateurs
Telescopes
People
Cook, James
Solander, Daniel Charles
Schröter, Johann Hieronymus
Herschel, William
Time Periods
19th century
18th century
17th century
Early modern
Modern
Medieval
Places
New Zealand
India
Middle and Near East
Tahiti
Kansas (U.S.)
United States
Institutions
United States. Weather Bureau
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