Einstein became world famous on 7 November 1919, following press publication of a meeting held in London on 6 November 1919 where the results were announced of two British expeditions led by Eddington, Dyson and Davidson to measure how much background starlight is bent as it passes the Sun. Three data sets were obtained: two showed the measured deflection matched the theoretical prediction of Einstein's 1915 Theory of General Relativity, and became the official result; the third was discarded as defective.At the time, the experimental result was accepted by the expert astronomical community. However, in 1980 a study by philosophers of science Earman and Glymour claimed that the data selection in the 1919 analysis was flawed and that the discarded data set was fully valid and was not consistent with the Einstein prediction, and that, therefore, the overall result did not verify General Relativity. This claim, and the resulting accusation of Eddington's bias, was repeated with exaggeration in later literature and has become ubiquitous.The 1919 and 1980 analyses of the same data provide two discordant conclusions. We reanalyse the 1919 data, and identify the error that undermines the conclusions of Earman and Glymour.
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Book
Daniel Kennefick;
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No Shadow of a Doubt: The 1919 Eclipse That Confirmed Einstein's Theory of Relativity
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Luís Tirapicos;
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Luís Tirapicos;
(2019)
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Constant Differences: Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel, the Concept of the Observer in Early Nineteenth-Century Practical Astronomy and the History of the Personal Equation
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Luís C. B. Crispino;
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General Relativity in Australian Newspapers: The 1919 and 1922 Solar Eclipse Expeditions
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(2004)
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(2013)
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(2001)
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Steele, John M.;
(2000)
Observations and Predictions of Eclipse Times by Early Astronomers
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Shi, Yunli;
(2000)
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Francisco J. Marco Castillo;
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Mozaffari, S. Mohammad;
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Wābkanawī's Prediction and Calculations of the Annular Solar Eclipse of 30 January 1283
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