Article ID: CBB733230291

Concepts, Diagnosis and the History of Medicine: Historicising Ian Hacking and Munchausen Syndrome (2016)

unapi

Concepts used by historians are as historical as the diagnoses or categories that are studied. The example of Munchausen syndrome (deceptive presentation of illness in order to adopt the ‘sick role’) is used to explore this. Like most psychiatric diagnoses, Munchausen syndrome is not thought applicable across time by social historians of medicine. It is historically specific, drawing upon twentieth-century anthropology and sociology to explain motivation through desire for the ‘sick role’. Ian Hacking’s concepts of ‘making up people’ and ‘looping effects’ are regularly utilised outside of the context in which they are formed. However, this context is precisely the same anthropological and sociological insight used to explain Munchausen syndrome. It remains correct to resist the projection of Munchausen syndrome into the past. However, it seems inconsistent to use Hacking’s concepts to describe identity formation before the twentieth century as they are given meaning by an identical context.

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Authors & Contributors
Chiang, Howard Hsueh-Hao
Valentina Petrolini
Matsubayashi, Kozo
Daker, Mauricio V.
Okumiya, Kiyohito
Borg, George
Journals
History of Psychiatry
Mefisto: Rivista di medicina, filosofia, storia
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Science in Context
Osiris: A Research Journal Devoted to the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Publishers
Springer
Oxford University Press
University of Chicago Press
Pickering & Chatto
Éditions Autrement
Duke University
Concepts
Mental disorders and diseases
Diagnosis
Psychiatry
Psychology
Nosology; classification of diseases
Therapeutic practice; therapy; treatment
People
Hacking, Ian
Wimmer, August
Wagner-Jauregg, Julius von
Spitzer, Robert L.
Kuhn, Thomas S.
Kraepelin, Emil
Time Periods
20th century
19th century
21st century
Early modern
20th century, late
18th century
Places
United States
Germany
Europe
Turkey
Netherlands
China
Institutions
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
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