Antonio Fundarò (Author)
Physis: Rivista Internazionale di Storia della Scienza
Volume: 54
Pages: 455-466
Gaston Bachelard’s epistemology, in the context of European culture of the twentieth century, holds a prominent position, if you only think of the revolutionary process started at Trinity College in Cambridge in 1903. Moore and Russell were the promoters of a new cultural model, which we will find in the European continent with the logical empiricism aligned in the Vienna Circle and in the Berlin Circle. In the panorama of the first half of the twentieth century, Bachelard’s rational materialism must therefore be compared with the empiriocriticism of Avenarius and Mach and with the conventionalism of Poincaré and Duhem; moreover with Popper’s criterion of falsifiability, with Kuhn’s relativism, with Lakatos’ methodological falsification, with Feyerabend’s anarchist method and with Perelman’s theory of argumentation. In the case of Bachelard’s epistemology, historical memory is led to retrace the different and multiple segments of the history of philosophical and scientific thought. Science and philosophy are reproposed in a dialectical and profitable relationship, which allows you to rethink to a positive relativism, consolidated during the nineteenth century.
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