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Article ID: CBB680606958

Quṭb al-Dīn Al-Shīrāzī and the Development of Non-Ptolemaic Planetary Modeling in the 13th Century (2017)

Gamini, Amir Mohammad (Author)

Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
Volume: 27
Issue: 2
Pages: 165-203

DOI: 10.1017/S0957423917000017

URI: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/E28E299557E1B8AE70E7FB071467AC51

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Arab/Islamic world, civilization and culture Development of science; change in science Hay'a (Heavenly Configurations) Astronomy 13th century 14th century Quṭb al-Dīn Shīrāzī

Coming after Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-ʿUrḍī (1200–1266) and Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (1201–1274), Quṭb al-Dīn al-Shīrāzī (1236–1311), a leading figure of the so-called Marāgha school in astronomy, presents his predecessors’ non-Ptolemaic models and criticizes them in his three hayʾa books. Since his own new models in Nihāyat al-idrāk (written in Arabic in 1281) and Ikhtiyārāt muẓaffarī (written in Persian in 1282) are not without difficulties, in his latest book on hayʾa, al-Tuḥfa al-shāhiyya (written in Arabic in 1285) he puts forward his modified models inspired from Ṭūsī’s and ʿUrḍī’s models and produces a series of new models for Mercury and the oscillation of the spheres. Nevertheless, in spite of all his attempts, the tradition of non-Ptolemaic modeling after him never converged to a series of standard models. French abstract: Venu après Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-ʿUrḍī (1200–1266) et Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (1201–1274), Quṭb al-Dīn al-Shīrāzī (1236–1311), éminente figure de l’école dite de Marāgha en astronomie, présente, dans ses trois ouvrages de hayʾa, les modèles de ses prédécesseurs tout en les critiquant. Puisque ses propres nouveaux modèles, présentés dans Nihāyat al-idrāk (écrit en arabe en 1281) et Ikhtiyārāt muẓaffarī (écrit en persan en 1282), ne sont pas sans difficulté, il présente, dans son dernier ouvrage de hayʾa, al-Tuḥfa al-shāhiyya (écrit en arabe en 1285), d'autres modèles inspirés de ceux d'al-Tūsī et d'al-ʿUrḍī, et produit un ensemble de nouveaux modèles pour Mercure et l'oscillation des sphères. Or, en dépit de tous ces efforts, la tradition des modèles non ptolémaïques, telle qu'elle se développa après lui, ne convergea pas vers un ensemble standard de modèles.

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