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Article ID: CBB641054038

Tendre le bras à la nation (2022)

Cécile Vanderpelen-Diagre (Author)
Leclercq, Valérie (Author)

Canadian Journal of Health History/Revue canadienne d’histoire de la santé
Volume: 39
Issue: 2
Pages: 340-368

URI: https://www-utpjournals-press.ezproxy.lib.ou.edu/doi/full/10.3138/cjhh.2022-560-012022

DOI: 10.3138/cjhh.2022-560-012022

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Prevention and control of disease Medicine and government Public health Public understanding of medicine Government sponsored science Vaccines; vaccination Smallpox 19th century Belgium

Tout au long du XIXe siècle, et en l’absence d’une obligation vaccinale antivariolique généralisée, l’État belge met en place un large éventail de stratégies destinées à étendre la couverture vaccinale du pays. Qu’est-ce que ces efforts impliquent concrètement ? Quels enjeux médicaux, politiques, sociaux présentent les procédés vaccinaux de l’époque ? Et comment les Belges accueillent-ils ces derniers ? Cet article cherchera à répondre à ces interrogations en explorant les pratiques de – et autour de – la vaccination dans la Belgique du XIXe siècle. Nous verrons qu’en soumettant les populations à leurs discours de propagande, à certaines formes d’obligations indirectes ou à la contrainte pure et dure, les autorités du pays rencontreront l’adhésion « molle » des populations, mais aussi une série d’obstacles très concrets. Et malgré les discours égalitaristes accompagnant alors la grande entreprise vaccinale de l’État, l’expérience de la vaccination apparaîtra encore fortement marquée par l’appartenance sociale des vaccinés.

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