Article ID: CBB635892993

Detecting the unknown in a sea of knowns: Health surveillance, knowledge infrastructures, and the quest for classification egress (2022)

unapi

The sociological study of knowledge infrastructures and classification has traditionally focused on the politics and practices of classifying things or people. However, actors’ work to escape dominant infrastructures and pre-established classification systems has received little attention. In response to this, this article argues that it is crucial to analyze, not only the practices and politics of classification, but also actors’ work to escape dominant classification systems. The article has two aims: First, to make a theoretical contribution to the study of classification by proposing to pay analytical attention to practices of escaping classification, what the article dubs classification egress. This concept directs our attention not only to the practices and politics of classifying things, but also to how actors work to escape or resist classification systems in practice. Second, the article aims to increase our understanding of the history of quantified and statistical health surveillance. In this, the article investigates how actors in health surveillance assembled a knowledge infrastructure for surveilling, quantifying, and detecting unknown patterns of congenital malformations in the wake of the thalidomide disaster in the early 1960s. The empirical account centers on the actors’ work to detect congenital malformations and escape the dominant nosological classification of diseases, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), by replacing it with a procedural standard for reporting of symptoms. Thus, the article investigates how actors deal with the tension between the-already-known-and-classified and the unknown-unclassified-phenomenon in health surveillance practice.

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Citation URI
https://data.isiscb.org/isis/citation/CBB635892993/

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Authors & Contributors
Cooper, Rachel
Godderis, Rebecca
Aragona, Massimiliano
Bijsterveld, Karin
Bolt, Timo
Caponi, Sandra
Journals
History of Psychiatry
Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences
Social History of Medicine
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Asian Medicine: Tradition and Modernity
Publishers
Policy Press
The MIT Press
University of California Press
University of Chicago Press
University of Nebraska Press
Concepts
Nosology; classification of diseases
Psychiatry
Surveillance
Mental disorders and diseases
Thalidomide
Philosophy of medicine
People
Armstrong, Neil
Asimov, Isaac
Bethe, Hans Albrecht
Einstein, Albert
Erdös, Paul
Feynman, Richard Phillips
Time Periods
20th century, late
21st century
19th century
Places
United States
Great Britain
East Germany
France
South Africa
Czechoslovakia
Institutions
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
United States. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA)
Disablement Income Group (DIG)
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