Article ID: CBB630581480

Strange Cases: Jekyll & Hyde Narratives as Rhetorical Strategy in Sir Alexander Morison’s Physiognomy of Mental Diseases (2020)

unapi

Sir Alexander Morison’s Physiognomy of Mental Diseases (1838) was created as a didactic tool for physicians, depicting lunatics in both the active and dormant states of disease. Through the act of juxtaposition, Morison constituted his subjects as their own Jekylls and Hydes, capable of radical transformation. In doing so, he marshaled artistic and clinical, visual and textual approaches in order to pose a particular argument about madness as a temporally manifested, visually distinguishable state defined by its contrast with reason. This argument served a crucial function in legitimizing the emergent discipline of psychiatry by applying biomedical methodologies to the observation and classification of distinctly physical symptoms. Robert Louis Stevenson’s “quintessentially Victorian parable” serves as a metaphor for the way 19th-century alienists conceptualized insanity, while the theme of duality at the core of Stevenson’s story serves as a framework for conceptualizing both psychiatry and the subjects it generates. It was (and is) a discipline formulated around narrative as the primary organizing structure for its particular set of paradoxes, and specifically, narratives of the self as a fluid, dynamic, and contradictory entity.

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Authors & Contributors
Berrios, German E.
Le Bras, Anatole
Matusevich, Daniel
Vincenti, Denise
García-Alandete, Joaquín
Tran The, Jessica
Concepts
Mental disorders and diseases
Psychiatry
Psychiatric hospitals
Primary literature (historical sources)
History of medicine, as a discipline
Physiognomy
Time Periods
19th century
20th century
18th century
21st century
20th century, early
Places
Scotland
France
Germany
England
New Zealand
Europe
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