Genna, Caterina (Author)
The article highlights the role and importance that the Institute of Physiology in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Palermo had, through the figures of Simone Corleo and Umberto Saffiotti, for the origin, affirmation, and development of the “scientific” psychology in Italy between the nineteenth and twentieth century. Corleo, even though teaching philosophical disciplines, had as a young man obtained a degree in medicine, which enabled him to organize, during the years 1889-1890, a “Laboratory of experimental psychology” in collaboration with the “Laboratory of human physiology.” This was an endeavor that allowed him to define his psychology as psycho-physics and pave the way to a new psychological science, as well as to play a leading role within the context of the late nineteenth-century Italian culture. At the time of his death, which took place in 1891, the experience of the laboratory was not dispersed, in that it remained in the tradition of the Palermo university. After him, in fact, from 1919 to 1926 Experimental Psychology was taught by Saffiotti, who had resumed relations with the Institute of Physiology directed by Francesco Spallitta, a physician who had previously collaborated with Corleo and had facilitated the foundation and evolution of experimental psychology in close relation with human physiology. Corleo, Saffiotti and Spallitta thus deserve to be remembered among the creators of an important scientific-cultural season that blossomed in Palermo at the threshold of the twentieth century.
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