Thesis ID: CBB606619358

The Cancer War(d): Onco-Nationhood in Post-Traumatic Rwanda (2016)

unapi

In Africa, the effects of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, rapidly expanding industrial and extractive economies, uncontrolled economic growth, environmental and lifestyle changes, and the rising age of populations with better access to medicine have occasioned rising rates of cancer. Rwanda’s national cancer program has been hailed as a unique example of how to build clinical oncology into a public healthcare infrastructure. Using ethnographic data, interviews, and historical archives, I address three sets of questions: 1. What historical, economic, social, and political factors have shaped the development of the country’s cancer program? 2. How do local clinicians and patients experience cancer as a treatable chronic disease? And how is that experience affected by the development of a national oncology infrastructure and new biomedical technologies? 3. As an instance of the transnational private-public partnerships characteristic of global health interventions in postcolonial Africa, what successes, limitations, and challenges does this cancer program present for envisioning oncology programs elsewhere in the global south? What are the ethical, political, and epistemological stakes involved in different models of cancer care? This project contributes to a new chapter in medical anthropology, one focused on rising rates of cancer in contemporary Africa. I argue that Rwanda’s cancer project is an exercise in the construction of a new sense of sovereignty, rendered through the politics of life as onco-nationhood; that it is an effort to create a postcolonial polity whose citizen body is gifted care of a international caliber provided by a paternal state. In a critical moment of post-traumatic social reconstruction, national biomedicine is becoming the entity through which government seeks to fuse sovereign statehood and nationhood in the cause of a healthy Rwandan future. Theorizing this relationship holds at least one key to developing an anthropology of cancer in contemporary Africa.

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Authors & Contributors
Gallazzi, Matteo
Tosetti, Francesca
Peter F. Daly
Rizzi, Manuela
Arnold-Forster, Agnes
Roberto Taramelli
Journals
Social History of Medicine
Medicina Historica
Substantia: An International Journal of the History of Chemistry
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Science
Medical History
Publishers
Duke University Press
Webster University
University of Chicago Press
Rutgers University Press
Rowman & Littlefield
Routledge
Concepts
Cancer; tumors
Health care
Oncology
Medicine
Public health
Therapeutic practice; therapy; treatment
People
Old, Lloyd J.
Time Periods
21st century
20th century
20th century, late
20th century, early
19th century
Places
Africa
Botswana
United States
Rwanda
New Delhi, India
Ethiopia
Institutions
League of Nations Health Organisation
League of Nations
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