La "svolta molecolare" ha ridefinito a qualsiasi livello gli approcci, la portata e la pratica delle scienze della vita, dalla biologia cellulare all’ecologia. Oggi, invece, sembra che ci si trovi di fronte a quella che potremmo definire la svolta computazionale. Facendosi strada fuori dai piccoli laboratori, la ricerca biologica ha iniziato a costituirsi in grandi istituti, complessi centri dove molti scienziati operano industriosamente. La biologia è insomma diventata “grande”. I fenomeni biologici non sono più soltanto qualcosa che si può osservare e manipolare negli esperimenti, sono anche una sequenza di simboli che si può “aprire”, “esplorare”, “confrontare” e infine codificare all’interno di un database che ordina, classifica e struttura i dati. Le banche dati danno quindi forma alla conoscenza biologica e stabiliscono il valore scientifico dei dati raccolti. Nasce così l’interrogazione intorno alla natura di queste innovazioni tecnologiche ed epistemologiche; se è vero che i Big Data stanno cambiando il volto delle scienze, allora lo scopo di questo volume è proprio quello di fornire un’analisi filosofica di come e perché questo accada. [Abstract translated by DeepL Translator: This is the abstract in English… The "molecular turn" has at every level redefined the approaches, scope and practice of the life sciences, from cell biology to ecology. Today, however, we seem to be facing what we might call the computational turn. Making its way out of small laboratories, biological research has begun to constitute itself in large institutes, complex centers where many scientists work industriously. In short, biology has become "big." Biological phenomena are no longer just something that can be observed and manipulated in experiments; they are also a sequence of symbols that can be "opened," "explored," "compared," and finally encoded within a database that sorts, classifies, and structures the data. Databases thus shape biological knowledge and establish the scientific value of collected data. Thus the questioning around the nature of these technological and epistemological innovations arises; if it is true that Big Data is changing the face of science, then the purpose of this volume is precisely to provide a philosophical analysis of how and why this is happening.]
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