Pareti, Germana (Author)
Physis: Rivista Internazionale di Storia della Scienza
Volume: 55
Pages: 87-104
Introduced in the 1980s by the biologist Edward O. Wilson, the concept of ‘biophilia’ aroused multidisciplinary interest from psychologists (evolutionists and cognitivists), neurobiologists, geographers, naturalists, etc. The scientific community came to the conclusion that humans make a ‘habitat selection,’ and tend to prefer natural scenarios as a living environment. The recent development of Bio-architecture aims to come up with a design approach that has beneficial effects on people’s health. The principle that human biological systems favour landscapes rich in water and vegetation, without ‘visual’ constraints, inspired English gardens since the 18th century appearance of landscapers such as ‘Capability’ Brown. The need for a natural environment (and the preservation of the genius loci) was also promoted by philosophers who, together with the forward-looking architects of the early 20th century, called for a departure from the ‘disfiguring’ metropolis that was in opposition to an empathetic relationship with nature.
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