This chapter provides a brief overview of medieval European and Islamic maps of the Mediterranean, with the subsequent development of portolan charts. It is argued that all pre‐modern maps of the Mediterranean Sea were part of what in Europe came to be called “the art of memory”—that is, they were a means of schematically structuring and remembering constellations of ideas. In classical and medieval European maps, that geographical scheme was overlaid with a theological or historical narrative that is not evident in the Islamic maps. The rise of portolan charts reflects increased travel, trade, and naval expeditions.
...MoreBook Peregrine Horden; Sharon Kinoshita (2014) A Companion to Mediterranean History.
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