Book ID: CBB520147424

Gli anni d'oro della "raffineria d'Europa". La raffinazione petrolifera italiana tra storia d'industria e storia sindacale (1956-1973) (2021)

unapi

William Mazzaferro (Author)


Franco Angeli


Publication Date: 2021
Physical Details: 298 pp.
Language: Italian

Tra il 1956 e il 1973 l'industria italiana della raffinazione petrolifera arrivò a meritarsi l'epiteto di "raffineria d'Europa". Il volume fornisce una ricostruzione delle vicende poco studiate di un settore fondamentale per lo sviluppo economico italiano degli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta, documentandone l'evoluzione in un contesto di transizione energetica. Con l'aumento del peso dei derivati del petrolio sui consumi energetici del Paese emersero inoltre contrasti tra il petrolifero e la maggior parte dell'industria italiana: se, da un lato, le imprese manifatturiere erano interessate alla riduzione dei costi energetici, dall'altro l'industria petrolifera cercava di vendere le proprie merci ai massimi prezzi possibili. Queste tensioni, osservate a partire dalle scelte governative che tesero ad assecondare la crescita generale della manifattura, si risolsero spesso nella sconfitta dell'industria della raffinazione. A indebolire ulteriormente il settore nei confronti della pubblica amministrazione concorsero nel tempo la presenza di un'impresa di Stato quale l'Eni, intenta a ritagliarsi una quota del mercato petrolifero, e l'esistenza di numerose aziende raffinatrici indipendenti. Tale frammentazione rappresentò un vantaggio per gli industriali impegnati a confrontarsi con la forza-lavoro sindacalizzata. Sia durante gli anni Cinquanta sia nel corso delle lotte dell'Autunno, i lavoratori petroliferi non furono infatti in grado di superare una situazione caratterizzata dalla presenza di molteplici contratti collettivi, che indebolì l'azione sindacale a vantaggio della controparte industriale. [Abstract translated by Google Translate: This is the abstract in English… Between 1956 and 1973 the Italian oil refining industry earned the epithet of "Europe's refinery". The volume provides a reconstruction of the little studied events of a fundamental sector for the Italian economic development of the 1950s and 1960s, documenting its evolution in a context of energy transition. With the increase in the weight of petroleum derivatives on the country's energy consumption, contrasts also emerged between oil and most of the Italian industry: if, on the one hand, manufacturing companies were interested in reducing energy costs, on the other the oil industry tried to sell its goods at the highest possible prices. These tensions, observed starting from the government choices that tended to support the general growth of manufacturing, often resulted in the defeat of the refining industry. Over time, the presence of a state-owned company such as Eni, intent on carving out a share of the oil market, and the existence of numerous independent refining companies contributed to further weakening the sector against the public administration. This fragmentation was an advantage for the industrialists engaged in confronting the unionized workforce. Both during the 1950s and during the struggles of the Autumn, the oil workers were not in fact able to overcome a situation characterized by the presence of multiple collective agreements, which weakened the trade union action to the advantage of the industrial counterpart.]

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Authors & Contributors
Tedeschi, Paolo
Frescani, Elio
Valentina Roxo
Francesco Gaglianò
Shafiee, Katayoun
Westermann, Andrea
Concepts
Technology and economics
Technology and politics
Oil; natural gas
Technology and industry
Petroleum industry
Technology
Time Periods
20th century
20th century, early
19th century
18th century
Republic of Venice (697–1797)
Early modern
Places
Italy
United States
France
Middle and Near East
Saudi Arabia
England
Institutions
ENI (Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi)
RAND Corporation
International Business Machines Corporation
British Petroleum Company
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