Exploradores alemanes en los Andes venezolanos: Karl Moritz y Ferdinand Bellermann en Mérida (1844-1845) (2021)
Avila-Núñez, Jorge Luis (Author)
Barrios-Barrios, Johnny V. (Author)
Llull: Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas
Volume: 44
Issue: 89
Pages: 71-98
Durante el siglo XIX un importante número de viajeros alemanes arribaron a Venezuela dejando testimonios que representan valiosas fuentes para el estudio histórico. Entre estos viajeros, estuvieron exploradores con actividades dirigidas a colectar plantas y animales con fines científicos. Otros, inspirados por Alexander von Humboldt y su nueva forma de mirar la Naturaleza, describieron la fisionomía del país a través de sus pinturas y narraciones. En este trabajo analizamos la práctica coleccionista de especímenes biológicos desarrollada por el naturalista Karl Moritz junto a la representación artística de los sitios visitados realizada por su compañero de viaje, el pintor paisajista Ferdinand Bellermann, en la provincia de Mérida, entre 1844 y 1845. Para nuestro análisis propusimos un enfoque desde la Historia de la Ciencia de los relatos contenidos en los diarios del viaje del pintor. Encontramos en los relatos y las representaciones gráficas de Bellermann valiosos testimonios para reconstruir los itinerarios y la fisionomía natural de los lugares donde el naturalista Moritz recolectó los especímenes que contribuyeron significativamente al conocimiento de la Historia Natural de Los Andes venezolanos del siglo XIX. [English translation by DeepL.com: During the 19th century an important number of German travelers arrived in Venezuela leaving testimonies that represent valuable sources for historical study. Among these travelers were explorers with activities aimed at collecting plants and animals for scientific purposes. Others, inspired by Alexander von Humboldt and his new way of looking at Nature, described the physiognomy of the country through their paintings and narratives. In this paper we analyze the practice of collecting biological specimens developed by the naturalist Karl Moritz together with the artistic representation of the sites visited by his traveling companion, the landscape painter Ferdinand Bellermann, in the province of Mérida, between 1844 and 1845. For our analysis we proposed an approach from the History of Science of the accounts contained in the painter's travel diaries. We found in Bellermann's accounts and graphic representations valuable testimonies to reconstruct the itineraries and the natural physiognomy of the places where the naturalist Moritz collected specimens that contributed significantly to the knowledge of the Natural History of the Venezuelan Andes in the 19th century.]
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