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Article ID: CBB487976291

Much ado about mice: Standard-setting in model organism research (2018)

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Volume: 68-69
Pages: 15-24

URI: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369848617301279

DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2018.04.001

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Philosophy of science Down syndrome Neurosciences Epistemology Laboratory animals Laboratory techniques and procedures Experimental organisms 21st century

Recently there has been a practice turn in the philosophy of science that has called for analyses to be grounded in the actual doings of everyday science. This paper is in furtherance of this call and it does so by employing participant-observation ethnographic methods as a tool for discovering epistemological features of scientific practice in a neuroscience lab. The case I present focuses on a group of neurobiologists researching the genetic underpinnings of cognition in Down syndrome (DS) and how they have developed a new mouse model which they argue should be regarded as the “gold standard” for all DS mouse research. Through use of ethnographic methods, interviews, and analyses of publications, I uncover how the lab constructed their new mouse model. Additionally, I describe how model organisms can serve as abstract standards for scientific work that impact the epistemic value of scientific claims, regulate practice, and constrain future work.

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