The present work is based on a letter sent by Steno to the Gran Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo III, describing the exploration of a cavern on the mountains near Como (Northern Italy). The letter examined here, written from Milan in June 1671, reports about Stensen’s observations in the cavern of Moncodeno, situated in the Pre-Alps near Como. The scientist refutes the Aristotelian theory of ‘antiperistalsis’ that hypothesised the build-up of ice in the caverns during summer as a reaction to external heat. He states, instead, that the cold air coming from the bottom of the caverns was caused by winter ice melting because of summer heat. In this letter Stensen describes the inside of the cavern in detail, also using some drawings.
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