Article ID: CBB475403283

The Experimental Study of Bacterial Evolution and Its Implications for the Modern Synthesis of Evolutionary Biology (2018)

unapi

Since the 1940s, microbiologists, biochemists and population geneticists have experimented with the genetic mechanisms of microorganisms in order to investigate evolutionary processes. These evolutionary studies of bacteria and other microorganisms gained some recognition from the standard-bearers of the modern synthesis of evolutionary biology, especially Theodosius Dobzhansky and Ledyard Stebbins. A further period of post-synthesis bacterial evolutionary research occurred between the 1950s and 1980s. These experimental analyses focused on the evolution of population and genetic structure, the adaptive gain of new functions, and the evolutionary consequences of competition dynamics. This large body of research aimed to make evolutionary theory testable and predictive, by giving it mechanistic underpinnings. Although evolutionary microbiologists promoted bacterial experiments as methodologically advantageous and a source of general insight into evolution, they also acknowledged the biological differences of bacteria. My historical overview concludes with reflections on what bacterial evolutionary research achieved in this period, and its implications for the still-developing modern synthesis.

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Authors & Contributors
Smocovitis, Vassiliki Betty
Delisle, Richard G.
Emily Herrington
Nicoglou, Antonine
Ishida, Yoichi
Green, Lisa Anne
Concepts
Evolution
Modern Synthesis (biology)
Biology
Genetics
Natural selection
Darwinism
Time Periods
20th century
21st century
20th century, late
19th century
Places
United States
Great Britain
Germany
Ukraine
New York City (New York, U.S.)
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