Article ID: CBB473782794

Early Hawaiians and volcanic heat (2020)

unapi

This research serves as the first-known compilation of accounts of early Hawaiians using volcanic heat. Western explorers in the 1800s wrote about native Hawaiians near Kīlauea Volcano using volcanic heat for cooking and bathing. They cooked their food wrapped in leaves underground or above a steam crack at Sulphur Banks, Kīlauea Iki, and the Nāpau Crater Trail. Early Hawaiians bathed in the warm waters of Waiwelawela for health. To confirm the presence of volcanic heat, this study used geothermal resource maps by the Hawai‘i Play Fairway project. According to a probability map for volcanic heat, the areas where Hawaiians used volcanic heat have a probability of volcanic heat of 0.8 to 1.0. On a map with temperatures of water wells, water wells close to where Hawaiians used volcanic heat have elevated temperatures. Historically, the areas where Hawaiians used volcanic heat experienced volcanic steam release, volcanic eruptions, and lava flows.

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Authors & Contributors
Alice Kim
Nicole C. Lautze
Principe, Claudia
Toledano, Anna
Cooley, Mackenzie
Stefano Branca
Concepts
Volcanoes and volcanology
Earth sciences
Geology
Science and society
Geothermal resources
Indigenous peoples; indigeneity
Time Periods
19th century
18th century
20th century
Early modern
20th century, late
20th century, early
Places
Hawaii (U.S.)
Italy
Islands of the Pacific
Naples (Italy)
Atlantic Ocean
Indian Ocean
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