Chapter ID: CBB445765094

Demons and Devices: Artificial and Augmented Intelligence before AI (2020)

unapi

Although no single term or even set of terms exists from the long medieval period to refer to objects that we might recognize as artificial intelligence, numerous examples, from artificial servants to elaborate optical devices, exist on a spectrum from augmented human perception to sentient machines. Because natural phenomena and causation were understood different from now, the possible paths to artificial intelligence included astral science, natural philosophy, demons, and natural magic. Yet although there were believed to be a number of ways to create artificial intelligence in this period, the uses to which it was put are fairly limited. Throughout this era, artificial intelligence appears in imaginative contexts to gain, consolidate, and exercise power. This sometimes took the form of maintaining class and gender hierarchies, but could also be used for military or political dominance, or to gain knowledge of the future that could be used to a person’s advantage.

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Book Stephen Cave; Kanta Dihal; Sarah Dillon (2020) AI Narratives: A History of Imaginative Thinking about Intelligent Machines. unapi

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Authors & Contributors
Aytes, Ayhan
Boden, Margaret A.
Crosthwaite, Paul
Franchi, Stefano
Giralt, Sebastià
Güzeldere, Güven
Journals
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Cahiers de recherches médiévales et humanistes. Journal of medieval and humanistic studies
Configurations: A Journal of Literature, Science, and Technology
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences
Osiris: A Research Journal Devoted to the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences
Rutherford Journal: The New Zealand Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology
Publishers
Oxford University Press
The MIT Press
Harvard University
Routledge
University of Chicago Press
University of California, San Diego
Concepts
Automata; robotics; cyborgs
Artificial intelligence
Human-machine interaction
Technology and literature
Machines
Automation
People
Albertus Magnus
Craik, Kenneth James William
Homer
Kempelen, Wolfgang von
Naudé, Gabriel
Walter, William Grey
Time Periods
21st century
Medieval
19th century
20th century
18th century
14th century
Places
Europe
Greece
United States
Byzantium
London (England)
Institutions
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT
Stanford University
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