Article
ID: CBB417572795

Quinine, Malaria, and the Cinchona Bureau: Marketing Practices and Knowledge Circulation in a Dutch Transoceanic Cinchona–Quinine Enterprise (1920s–30s) (2016)

unapi
Pharmaceutical industry Medicine Science and economics Quinine Diffusion of innovation; diffusion of knowledge; diffusion of technology Malaria Disease and diseases 20th century, early Netherlands

In this study, we will show how a Dutch pharmaceutical consortium of cinchona producers and quinine manufacturers was able to capitalize on one of the first international public health campaigns to fight malaria, thereby promoting the sale of quinine, an antimalarial medicine. During the 1920s and 1930s, the international markets for quinine were controlled by this Dutch consortium, which was a transoceanic cinchona–quinine enterprise centered in the Cinchona Bureau in the Netherlands. We will argue that during the interwar period, the Cinchona Bureau became the decision-making center of this Dutch cinchona–quinine pharmaceutical enterprise and monopolized the production and trade of an essential medicine. In addition, we will argue that capitalizing on the international public health campaign in the fight against malaria by the Dutch cinchona–quinine enterprise via the Cinchona Bureau can be regarded as an early example of corporate colonization of public health by a private pharmaceutical consortium. Furthermore, we will show how commercial interests prevailed over scientific interests within the Dutch cinchona–quinine consortium, thus interfering with and ultimately curtailing the transoceanic circulation of knowledge in the Dutch empire.

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Authors & Contributors
Aldo De Togni
Verhave, J. P.
Rao, A. V. Rama
Yang, Timothy
Visscher-Endeveld, Lies
Verhave, Jan Peter
Journals
Osmanli Bilimi Arastirmalari: Studies in Ottoman Science
Medical History
Journal of Medical Biography
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Social History of Medicine
Medicina nei Secoli - Arte e Scienza
Publishers
University of California, Santa Barbara
Yale University Press
Pickering & Chatto
Erasmus Publishing
Concepts
Medicine
Disease and diseases
Pharmaceutical industry
Malaria
Quinine
Public health
People
Swellengrebel, Nicolaas Hendrik
Thijsse, Jacobus Pieter
Ravetllat Estech, Joaquim
Neiva, Artur
Laveran, Alphonse
Cruz, Oswaldo Gonçalves
Time Periods
20th century, early
19th century
20th century
20th century, late
Places
Netherlands
India
Turkey
Germany
Ottoman Empire
Great Britain
Institutions
Merck (E.), firm
Merck & Co.
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