Article ID: CBB417278881

Science and Self-assessment: Phrenological Charts 1840–1940 (2018)

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This paper looks at phrenological charts as mediators of (pseudo-)scientific knowledge to individual clients who used them as a means of self-assessment. Phrenologists propagated the idea that the human mind could be categorized into different mental faculties, with each particular faculty represented in a different area of the brain and by bumps on the head. In the US and the UK popular phrenologists examined individual clients for a fee. Drawing on a collection of phrenological charts completed for individual clients, this paper shows how charts aspired to convey new ideals of selfhood by using the authority of science in tailor-made certificates, and by teaching clients some of the basic practices of that science. Hitherto historians studying phrenology have focused mainly on the attraction of the content of phrenological knowledge for the wider public, but in this paper I show how the charts enabled clients to participate actively in creating knowledge of their own bodies and selves.

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Authors & Contributors
Finger, Stanley
Rebecca Machin
Beierholm, Simon
Thomassen, Jacob Lauge
Li-chuan Tai
William Hughes
Journals
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Nuncius: Annali di Storia della Scienza
History of the Human Sciences
Archives of Natural History
Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences
Journal of Design History
Publishers
Yale University Press
University of Pittsburgh Press
University of Chicago Press
Palgrave Macmillan
Manchester University Press
CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform
Concepts
Public understanding of science
Phrenology
Visual representation; visual communication
Pseudoscience
Psychology
Popular culture
People
Fowler, Lorenzo Niles
Gall, Franz Joseph
Clemens, Samuel Langhorne
Otto, Carl
Cruikshank, George
Wilson, Alexander
Time Periods
19th century
20th century, early
21st century
20th century
18th century
Places
United States
Great Britain
United Kingdom
Philadelphia, PA
Copenhagen (Denmark)
London (England)
Institutions
Leeds Museums and Galleries
Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Zoological Society of London
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